Tuesday, October 24, 2023

Does America Need More Atheists?

An opinion piece on the October 3 website of the Washington Post caught my eye and captured my attention. It was by WaPo’s contributing columnist Kate Cohen and titled “America doesn’t need more God. It needs more atheists.” 

Kate Cohen is a mother, an atheist, and an author. Her book, We of Little Faith: Why I Stopped Pretending to Believe (and Maybe You Should To), which was also published on Oct. 3, states that being a mother led her to “come out” as an atheist.

Cohen was raised Jewish and married a Jew in a Jewish wedding—but she explains that she never really believed “in that jealous, capricious, and cruel Old Testament God” (p. 12). But she never identified herself as an atheist until she began rearing her children.

In her book, Kate tells how she vowed to teach her children “what I truly thought about everything,” and she “did not let them decide for themselves,” for she strongly believed that “passing on one’s preference for reason, evidence, and honesty…is the truly moral choice” (pp. 13, 14).

Kate was born and reared in Virginia. She graduated from Dartmouth University and married in 1997. She is now in her late 40s, but I was unable to find out how old her children are. They are probably young adults now and it would be interesting to know how they have turned out.*1

There are positive aspects of Kate Cohen and her book that should be recognized. She is honest in identifying who she is rather than seeking (any longer) to keep her lack of religious faith closeted. And she encourages others to be honest also as intimated in her book’s subtitle.

Even though I have spent most of my life seeking to help people become God-believers, I think those who don’t believe in God should be able to identify themselves openly rather than pretending to be and to believe, what they are not and do not. Honesty, indeed, is the best policy.

Further, Cohen seeks to remove the stigma from those who identify as atheists. She writes, “Like atheism, homosexuality is a difference that can be hidden. Sociologists call it a Concealable Stigmatized Identity” (p. 221), but she claims that that stigma is disappearing more rapidly for LGBTQ people than for atheists.

But as a God-believer—and because I am a God-believer—I certainly think that people need to be respected/accepted regardless of their religious faith or lack thereof. After all, that is what freedom of religion means.

There are also highly questionable aspects of Cohen’s book. While there are some nuanced places, she gives the impression that all atheists are largely the same, and “good,” whereas all who believe in God/religion are also largely the same, and “bad.” (See, for example, p. 228).

In strongly encouraging people who do not believe in God to affirm their atheism, she writes,

If you need a reason to let people know that you don’t believe moral authority derives from a Supreme Being, then I offer you no less than making America a safer, smarter, more just, and more compassionate country.*2

It is because of that belief that the WaPo article was titled “America doesn’t need more God It Needs More Atheists.”

On the previous page, she asserts, “…peel back the layers of discrimination against LGBTQ people and you find religion.”

She further contends that “control over women’s bodies,” as well as “school-library book bans, and even the backlash against acknowledging the racist underpinnings of our nation are motivated by religion.”

To such charges, I can only say “Yes, but….” Yes, there are Christians who are exactly such as Kate mentioned. But, there are Christians who are against discrimination and control as much as she is. And regarding climate change, note what Pope Francis said about in his 10/4 “apostolic exhortation.”*3

Moreover, if truth were known, my guess is that there is a large percentage of atheists who support discrimination and control as well as the (mostly) conservative evangelical Christians she uses as her foil.

So, no, Ms. Cohen, America doesn’t need less God and more atheists. It needs more intellectually honest and intelligent atheists (or whatever) as well as intellectually honest and intelligent God-believers to work together to make our society more compassionate and more just for all.

_____

*1 In her book, Cohen says that her children are “engaged, informed, and savvy citizens” (p. 227).

*2 These words are in a paragraph that begins with her saying that “anti-atheist sentiment is not a matter of life and death in America. But transphobia is, sexual violence against women is, forced birth is, climate change is, and global pandemics are” (p. 230).

*3 I wrote about this in some detail in my Oct. 13 blog post (see here).

 

21 comments:

  1. I think your concluding thought--that we need more intellectual honesty--is right on the mark! I do suspect intellectual honesty, though, is more widely practiced among atheists than believers. Your language regarding a "large percentage of atheists who support discrimination and control" is so nuanced that it's impossible to take issue with it. But I know from decades of sociological research in the USAmerica that there is a greater positive correlation between Christian religiosity and racism/sexism/etc. than among nonbelievers or even the general population.

    One practice of intellectual dishonesty that troubles me is pastors, especially mainline Protestants, who continue to preach sermons handling biblical texts as though they're literally true, when those pastors know better. They're trained in seminary with the latest biblical criticism, but then go into the pulpit massaging an incipient fundamentalism.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. So now, Anton, let me respond to your comments, which received Dick's emphatic approval.

      I certainly expected you to agree with my final paragraph, as Sue (do you know her?) and David did. But I have problems with your second sentence. I think it is similar to a central criticism I have of Cohen, although perhaps I needed to make my critique clearer. I agree that doubtlessly there are many atheists who practice intellectual honesty and that there are many God-believers who do not. I am not sure we know, or can know, the percentages of those on each side. I do know that there are many God-believers who do seek to be intellectually honest and that there are many atheists who are not intellectually honest and are not working for the kind of community David wrote about. As for the sociological research, I have never seen such that deliberately sought to distinguish the attitudes of Christian believers and atheists. Those who are "nonbelievers" are usually identified as "unaffiliated" or, more recently, as "nones." But because of their intellectual honesty, many of these people have left traditional (conservative) churches --but they still maintain believe in God. (This is the large category of those who are "spiritual but not religious."

      I think your criticism of many Protestant pastors is probably justified. I have recently read how mainline pastors are remarkably more "liberal" than their parishioners. And since in many church denominations, the pastor's position, and livelihood, is based upon the opinion of his/her church members, they are inclined to say what is acceptable by the majority of those members rather than what they really believe. I agree that this is a form of intellectual dishonesty. (And certainly it is not only in the religious world that many people do what is expedient rather than what is intellectually honest).

      I have long been an strong advocate on intellectual honesty, and back in the 1990s I started to write a book that I provisionally titled "Intellectual Honesty and Christian Faith." But soon after starting to work on that book, I began to be elected to administration jobs in addition to my teaching responsibilities--and also serving as a pastor of a small church--that I never did make much progress on the book and eventually gave up the project. (This is one of my regrets of my life and work as a "scholar.")

      Delete
  2. Two people send comments by email prior to Anton's post above, so I will copy those comments and respond to them before responding to Anton's. The first is from local (as in Liberty) Thinking Friend Sue Wright, who wrote,

    "Your last paragraph is so true, Leroy. No matter what name we may be comfortable or uncomfortable assigning ourselves, it is our ability to love 360 degrees that marks us as people our world needs more of— even we who have been guilty of dangling a preposition."

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Sue, I knew well that you meant that the world needs more people marked with the ability to love 360 degrees, and I am pleased that you and I agree on that point. What can we do, though, to increase the number of people, both among God-believers like us and atheists like Kate Cohen, who have that ability?

      Delete
  3. Next are these comments from local (as in Gladstonr) Thinking Friend David Nelson:

    "Thanks for introducing us to Cohen. I’m looking for more good people who seek to nurture a more human community. It is not so important what they believe or identify with. What is important is that they seek to live with integrity and support a safe and healthy community."

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. David, I agree with your emphasis, which resonates with my concluding paragraph. What bothers me about Cohen's article/book, though, is that she far less inclined to accept God-believers as people "who seek to nurture a more human community" than you and I are willing to accept her as such a person. Since she is being read by many who subscribe to the Washington Post and I assume by those who will be reading her new book, I wish she were more honest and inclusive about who all support "a safe and healthy community." It seems to me she fosters negative attitudes toward those who believe in God. Certainly, there are professing God-believers who are not promoting a warm, affirming community for all people, and they need to be criticized for their harmful actions. But, if she is going to be honest, she also needs to say that many people who do believe in God have the same goal for society as she apparently has. For that reason, I think her argument that America needs more atheists is spurious.

      Delete
  4. And then a few minutes ago, I received these comments from Thinking Friend Glenn Hinson in Kentucky:

    "I am fully in agreement with you, Leroy. I think it would be good to have fewer people who say they believe but act as if God does not exist."

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Yes, Dr. Hinson, I fully agree with your last sentence. Atheism as expressed and forwarded by Kate Cohen does far less harm to Christianity than by people like those who you mentioned, whom as you know are sometimes labeled as "practical atheists."

      Delete
  5. Thanks again, Leroy, for drawing me out! Some confession from a Jesus-loving atheist Christian. 😊

    I have (and continue) to spend my life as a church-going, learning-leader, closeted atheist. As I age out of [self-perceived 😊] significance, I am becoming less concerned about atheism and my own kind of atheism.

    I am pretty sure I do not think God exists [I do not “believe in” the “existence” of God], but I continue to sense the “insistence” of (the name) God. This is John D. Caputo’s language which resonates with my thinking.

    In my church circles I have sometimes been accused of (recognized as?) being an atheist. [As Derrida said: “I quite rightly pass for an atheist.”] I see myself in the lineage of Meister Eckhardt: “For the sake of God, I take leave of god.” Perhaps I think too highly of myself. 😊

    I have been graced by some believers who have been “well-disposed toward me.” [Nietzsche] I continue to be guided by these snippets from poets: “to ask odd questions” [Alistair Reid, “Curiosity”]; to see church as a space “proper to grow wise in” [Philip Larkin, “Church Going”]; to understand that “The praying of prayer in not in the words but the breath.” [James Dickey, “The Being”]

    [I know I have said some of this in replies to previous blogs.
    Please excuse the repetition (Kierkegaard 😊).]

    Yes, it matters more what kind of atheist or theist one becomes!

    Shalom, Dick

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Thanks for your candid comments, Dick. I appreciate your honest sharing, and I like what you wrote much more than what Ms. Cohen said in her opinion piece and in her book.

      I think you have made reference to Paul Tillich before, but there seems to be some of his pregnant thought lurking in what you wrote, namely, the importance of seeking God beyond god, the latter being an idol of the God Who is "being itself" or the "ground of being."

      Some time ago I read, and was impressed by, John Caputo's book, but I don't remember much of it now. I need to go back and read it again. (My good friend Anton, who commented above, has recently highly recommend reading that book.)

      And, of course, I think your final sentence is the crux of the matter--and a position that didn't seem to be a part of Kate Cohen's push toward getting people to come out as atheists like she did.

      Delete
  6. Thinking Friend Charles Kiker in Texas offers these pertinent words: "My comment is, I don't believe in the god that many atheists don't believe in."

    ReplyDelete
  7. Thinking Friend Jerry Jumper in southwest Missouri also emailed me these brief comments: "You do not avoid controversial issues, sir. Thank you as always for making us think."

    ReplyDelete
  8. And then this comment received a few minutes ago from Thinking Friend Virginia Belk in New Mexico: "I wholeheartedly agree with your final sentence in this particular blog."

    ReplyDelete
  9. Ken Grenz, another local friend, shares these comments:

    "I’m in agreement with you. Yes, 'Christians' have a deserved bad reputation as the editorial points out, but also true of any other groups including atheists. And equally, good is to be found among all."

    ReplyDelete
  10. Leroy, I also like your last line about honest and intelligent people of all beliefs needing to work together for a more compassionate and just society. However, perhaps we should give Kate Cohen more credit for calling our attenion to the great difficulties created by many of the less honest and compassionate religious people.

    Her thoughts reminds me of Steven Weinberg’s remark: “With or without religion, good people can behave well and bad people can do evil; but for good people to do evil - that takes religion.”

    Many atheists, and for that matter, many thinking churchgoers, have had awful experiences with Fundamentalist-tending religious folks (who, as you know, form a huge portion of religious cultures everywhere).

    There are vast systems that rewards people who use their religion to justify their cruel and tribalistic ways—and teach people who are less inclined to cruelty to fall in line.

    Many folks need to be “saved” from their religion. The world needs to be saved from them too. Perhaps missionaries should be sent to them in this country.

    ReplyDelete
  11. Thanks, Fred, for your thought-provoking comments. I am glad, and certainly not surprised, that you like my last line. But I have questions about your second sentence.

    It doesn't take a very astute person to see that there are "great difficulties" created by contemporary religious people who are not as honest and compassionate as Kate Cohen apparently is. You mentioned the awful experiences many people have had with "Fundamentalist-tending religious folks," and I certainly agree with that assessment. As you know, I wrote a book titled "Fed Up with Fundamentalism" (2007, 2020), and I have no intention of holding up for the wrong-headed beliefs and actions of those who are usually called conservative evangelicals today.

    But also as you know, all Christians--and all God-believers in other religions--are not like most of the right-wing Christians. But I didn't find much in what I read of Kate Cohen that indicated that she knows or acknowledges that.

    I didn't know who Steven Weinberg was, and his statement is perhaps all too true. When I went to the Wikipedia article to find out about him, I discovered he was born to Jewish parents but became an atheist, the same as was the case for Kate Cohen. But Weinberg's statement made me think of Pascal's oft-quoted statement made in the 17th century: "Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction." Pascal was a physicist as Weinberg was, but he was also an ardent God-believer. He saw "both sides" in ways that are not at all apparent in Weinberg or in Cohen.

    Pascal made his statement long before the great evil done by some of the best-known atheists of the 20th century. In their advocacy of atheism, why don't like Weinberg and Cohen write about atheists such as Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, or Pol Pot? You and I know that it is not fair to judge all atheists by the worst examples, and we affirm the good done, or at least affirmed, by many atheists. But my criticism of Kate Cohen was because she seemed mostly to point the bad examples of God-believers and only the good aspects of atheists like herself. I want to have a more balanced, more honest, and fairer view, such as Pascal had.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Fred, I also wanted to mention that from what I found on Wikipedia, Weinberg (1933~2021) was known for his support of Israel. "In the 2000s, Weinberg canceled trips to universities in the United Kingdom because of the British boycotts of Israel. At the time, he explained: 'Given the history of the attacks on Israel and the oppressiveness and aggressiveness of other countries in the Middle East and elsewhere, boycotting Israel indicated a moral blindness for which it is hard to find any explanation other than antisemitism.'"

      If he were still living, I wonder what his position would be regarding Israel's shelling of Gaza and the siege of that narrow strip of land where some 2,000,000 people are under intense attack by Israel. So many Palestinians (including hundreds and hundreds of children already) are losing their lives and a large percentage have had to leave their homes. Is that being done by religious people doing all that because of their belief in God, or is it the action of a secular state populated by many secular Jews who are atheists (as Weinberg was) and who are doing that to preserve their superior status and wealth?

      Delete
  12. Bro. Leroy, agreeing with so many of those who have already responded, I could wish Kate had recognized one should never categorize all members of a group by a few of its members. I think that could be seen as illogical prejudice. Honesty and personal integrity are important human qualities, but they need to be carefully accepted. They should form the basis of this sought-for community, but they may not reflect what we have in common. The dictators mentioned above as atheists might well be seen as honest and exhibiting integrity. None of them did much of a job hiding the bases for their actions. They were up front with their views on their own superiority and the inferiority of much of the rest of the world. If we are to have a community that includes mutual respect, peace, and a desire to see others advance in their human capabilities, then a common understanding of what is needed must exist.

    I struggle with understanding the grounds for this sense of community without an appeal to a higher moral authority that is generally recognized. Otherwise we fall into the temptation of seeing superiority in some groups and inferiority in other groups. From my own Christian God system of beliefs, seeing every human being carrying the image of God demands I hold them in respect, seek to be at peace with them, and be willing to work to help them reach their potential in light of the image they carry. Without this outside source of authority, individuals such as Cohen can have their opinions swayed by events of the moment and find themselves in treacherous waters.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Tom, I'm sorry to be so slow in responding to your comments, which I thought were good and important. (When I make my next blog post, now planned for 11/6, I plan to encourage the reading of the comments made regarding this post.)

      Your first sentence is one that certainly needs to be more widely recognized and accepted. I agree that that was an obvious weakness in what Kate Cohen wrote in her article and in her book as she dissed God-believers because of what she disliked, for good reason in my opinion, about some conservative evangelical Christians.) But the same sort of thing is going on right now because of the war in Israel/Gaza. Some people seem to be reacting negatively toward all Palestinians or all Muslims because of what Hamas did and is doing. But others are reactive negatively toward all Jews because of what Netanyahu and the Israeli government is doing in retaliation.

      Then your second paragraph is something I would like to have written more about, and I appreciate you posting what you did here. Where do atheists who are good, moral people get those good, moral beliefs? Without belief in some "higher, moral authority," ethical beliefs seem to be based on no solid ground, and that is a matter that needs to be thought about more than it usually is.

      Delete
  13. On Nov. 1, the Washington Post website posted a new column by Kate Column. It was titled, "Mike Johnson is a pro-gun Christian nationalist. Yes, be afraid." (See here: https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2023/11/01/mike-johnson-christian-nationalism-guns-political-violence/) This might be seen as support for the assertions she made in her Oct. 3 article I highlighted in this blog post. But I, a God-believer, for some 80 years now, largely agree with what Cohen said in yesterday's opinion piece.

    And what is interesting, the authors she cited in support of her opposition to Mike Johnson, the new Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, are Christian scholars and authors who oppose Christian nationalism as she does.

    ReplyDelete